Why choose us?
HENAN GNEE ELECTRIC CO., LTD was established in 2008 and is located in Anyang City, Henan Province. It is a digital management enterprise integrating R&D, production, sales and installation of power equipment. The company's products cover 6kv, 11kv, 22kv, 35kv and other power transformers, distribution transformers, box-type substations, high and low voltage switch cabinets, wind power, photovoltaic power generation equipment, etc. GNEE products are sold to the Middle East, North America, South America, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and other regions, covering more than 150 countries.
What Is Distrobution Transformer?
A distribution transformer is a type of transformer that reduces high-voltage electricity from power stations down to lower levels suitable for distribution to end-use residential, commercial and industrial customers. It essentially acts as the critical link between the high-voltage transmission network and the low-voltage distribution network in the power system.
Distribution transformers come in various standard sizes and power ratings to match different distribution voltage levels as well as load demands. They are usually installed on utility poles, ground pads or underground vaults near the area being served.
Types of Distribution Transformer
These transformers are specially used for networks wherever a three-phase supply is not required. Usually, these are used for repairing overhead distribution loads in residential. These are also applicable in industrial lighting, light commercial loads & power applications.
This kind of transformer is used to hold electrical energy from the main distribution circuit to a minor distribution circuit. This type of transformer transmits the current to a secondary distribution circuit and also reduces the voltage of the primary distribution circuit. These transformers reduce the voltage supply for the primary circuit based on the consumer requirement.
This voltage always changes & can be dissimilar for the users of commercial, residential & light industry. These transformers work on different levels of voltage & frequency based on the standards existing in different countries. These transformers are available in single-phase & three phases. Single-phase is used in residential applications whereas 3-phase with a pad is used in underground primary circuits.
This type of transformer includes a locked steel cupboard that is arranged on a concrete pad. This type of transformer is installed in places where they do not have space for a fenced enclosure. This transformer is used with electric power distribution lines at an overhead electrical line for reducing the primary voltage to supply for the customers. A single transformer of this type can serve many homes/a large building. The power rating of this transformer ranges from 75 kVA to 5000 kVA and includes fixed switches & fuses.
These transformers are mounted on an electrical service pole at the height of the overhead cables. These are used for changing high distribution voltage to low like 120/240 volt power. These types of transformers are used in a wide rural area, ranges from 16 kVA to 100kVA. These are available in small size and easy to fit on single-pole structures. These transformers are reliable to harsh climates when they used in remote areas.
Structure of Distribution transformers
A distribution transformer has the same structure as an ordinary transformer. The main parts of this transformer are mainly composed by Oil Tank, Conservator, Buchholz Relay, Breather Unit, Oil Indicator, Temperature Detector, Pressure Relief Device, Thermal Relay, Radiator, and Bushing.
- - The oil tank is used to soak the coils by placing it in.
- - A conservator is located above the oil tank on the outside of the transformer frame. It is connected to the main tank with the help of a metal tube. The oil in the tank can be easily contacted and enlarge throughout loading so that the temperature of the oil can rise and fall.
- - The Buchholz relay is used when using a conservator tank. Because it indicates errors such as oil loss when it gets low, improper flow of oil is incorrect between the tank and transformer.
- - The breather unit includes desiccant silica gel in the oil. If it changes its colour from blue to pink, it will not be hygroscopic in oil.
- - The oil indicator shows the oil level within the conservatory unit.
- - The temperature detector monitors the temperature of the oil. If the oil temperature rises to a certain level, the transformer will be disconnected from service.
- - The pressure relief device reduces the pressure inside the transformer to prevent an explosion from the transformer.
- - The thermal relay is used as an indicator of the temperature of the winding.
- - Radiators are used to increase the cooling efficiency of the transformer.
- - Bushings are used to connect the inner windings of a transformer with the help of an external electrical network.
Transformers are made up of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. Coils have two or more windings. The primary coil is the one that is connected to the power supply, and the secondary coils are the rest. Both current and voltage are transformed. The core of a core transformer consists of soft magnetic material and two coils with different turns.
In this way, the magnetic coupling between the two coils is strengthened. The coils are wound by insulated copper wire (or aluminum wire), and they are laminated with lacquered silicon steel sheets to reduce eddy currents and hysteresis losses. There is no electrical connection between the coils. The coil connected to the AC power supply is called the primary coil (or the primary coil), while the coil connected to the electrical appliance is called the secondary coil (or the secondary coil). Due to the inherent complexity of transformers, there is inevitable copper loss (coil resistance heating), iron loss (iron core heating), and magnetic leakage (magnetic induction line closed by air). To simplify the discussion, we present only the ideal transformer. When designing an ideal transformer, ignore the leakage flux, disregard the resistance of the primary and secondary coils, ignore the loss of the iron core, and ignore the no-load current (the current flowing through the primary coil when the secondary coil is open). When, for example, the secondary coil of the power transformer produces its rated power, it is close to the optimal transformer condition.
Salient Features of Distribution Transformer
1. High efficiency: Careful design optimization ensures very low losses during energy transfer resulting in high efficiency of over 97%. This keeps electricity costs low by reducing wastage.
2. Reliability: Stringent quality control in design, raw materials and manufacturing results in highly reliable units that provide trouble-free service for over 25 years.
3. Overload capability: Short-term overloading above the rated capacity is supported to account for occasional spikes in demand.
4. Protection features: Inbuilt devices protect the transformer from issues like overheating, voltage spikes, short circuits etc.
5. Minimal maintenance: Robust sealed tanks with long-life insulating oil minimize maintenance requirements.
6. Compact footprint: Pole-mounted transformers utilize minimal ground space.
7. Low environmental impact: Distribution transformers utilize non-toxic, biodegradable vegetable-based oil instead of mineral oils.
Applications of Distribution Transformer
Distribution transformers have some key applications in power systems:
- Step down high transmission voltages of 33kV or 66kV down to primary distribution voltages of 11kV or 22kV.
- Reduce the primary distribution voltages down to 400/230V suitable for final consumers.
- The interface between various sections of the distribution system with different voltage levels.
- Provide ideal voltages to supply electric railway systems.
- Supply power to agricultural areas situated away from the main grid.
- Cater to temporary loads on construction sites.
Purpose of using Distribution transformer
This transformer changes from high voltage to low voltage, used in homes and businesses.
The main function of this is to reduce the voltage to provide isolation between the two windings as primary and secondary.
This transformer distributes electricity to remote areas generated from power plants.
Generally, this transformer distributes electrical energy to industries with less than 33KV voltage and 440V to 220V for domestic purposes.
Distribution Transformer Operation and Maintenance
In order to ensure the normal operation of distribution transformers, certain operation and maintenance work is required. Common maintenance work includes the following aspects:
1. Clean the insulating oil: Filter and replace the insulating oil regularly to maintain the cleanliness of the insulating oil.
2. Check the insulation condition: Regularly check the insulation condition of the winding and core, and deal with any problems in time.
3. Check the wiring: Check the wiring of the transformer regularly to ensure that the wiring is good.
4. Check the cooling system: Check the working status of the cooling system regularly to ensure good cooling effect.
5. Check mechanical components: Regularly check the mechanical components of the transformer, such as connecting bolts, grounding devices, etc., to ensure that they are intact.
With such wide-ranging critical applications, distribution transformers need to meet stringent design and quality control parameters. The manufacturer undertakes rigorous testing to international standards to ensure:
No-load and full-load losses stay within prescribed limits
Impedance voltage values are correct
Temperature rise is within safe levels
Short circuit withstand capability meets stipulations
Dielectric strength and insulation levels are adequate
Efficiency at full load meets specifications
Difference between Power Transformer and Distribution Transformer
Functions used: Power transformers used in transmission networks have a higher voltage for ladder and step applications (400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV) and are typically rated above 200MVA.
A distribution transformer is used for the lower voltage distribution network as a means of connecting end-users. (11kV, 6.6 kV, 3.3 kV, 440V, 230V) and generally rated below 200 MVA.
Transformer size and insulation level: The power transformer is used for transmission at heavy loads, a high voltage greater than 33kV & 100% efficiency. It is also larger in size than distribution transformers; it is used in power generation stations and transmission substations-high insulation level.
Distribution transformers are used to distribute electrical energy at a low voltage below 33KV for industrial purposes and 440v-220v for residential purposes.
It works with low efficiency at 50-70%, small size, easy to install, has a low magnetic loss and it is not always fully loaded.
Maximum efficiency: The main difference between a distribution transformer and a source is that a distribution transformer is designed to achieve maximum efficiency at 60% to 70% load because normally not always operating at full load. Its payload depends on the demand for distribution. Whereas a transformer is designed to achieve maximum efficiency at 100% load as it is always running at 100% load near the generating station.
Distribution transformers are used at distribution levels where voltages tend to be lower. The secondary voltage is almost always the voltage supplied to the end consumer. Due to voltage drop limitations, it is often not possible to provide that secondary voltage over large distances.
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GNEE Transformer factory is strategically located in Anyang City, Henan Province, known as a prominent transformer base in China. This advantageous location ensures that the GNEE factory benefits from a well-established and comprehensive supply chain, eliminating any concerns of raw material shortages. Moreover, the availability of skilled workers, technical experts, and other essential labor forces in the surrounding area further guarantees the fast delivery time of GNEE's pad-mounted transformers.
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No.4-1114, BEICHEN BUILDING, BEICANG TOWN, BEICHEN DISTRICT, TIANJIN, CHINA
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+86-15824687445
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FAQ
Q: What is a distribution transformer?
Q: What is the difference between distribution and current transformer?
Q: What is the function of a distribution transformer?
Q: What are the disadvantages of distribution transformers?
Q: What do distribution transformers do?
Q: How does a distribution transformer work?
Q: Why do we use distribution transformers?
Q: What makes distribution transformers effective?
Q: Where are distribution transformers installed?
Henan Gnee New Material Co., ltd. is well-known as one of the leading distribution transformer manufacturers and suppliers in China. If you're going to buy customized distribution transformer made in China, welcome to get pricelist from our factory. Quality products and low price are available.
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