What Is Oriented Silicon Steel

What is oriented silicon steel

Fe-si alloy with silicon content of 0.5% ~ 4.8%. It is a soft magnetic material widely used in electrical field. Electrical silicon steel is often rolled into a standard size of large sheet or strip, commonly known as silicon steel sheet, widely used in motors, generators, transformers, electromagnetic mechanisms, relays electronic devices and measuring instruments.
Silicon is a good deoxidizer of steel, which combines with oxygen to transform oxygen into stable SiO2 that is not reduced by carbon, and avoids the lattice distortion of iron due to oxygen atom doping. When silicon becomes a solid solution in alpha iron, it increases the resistivity and helps to separate out the harmful impurities carbon. Therefore, generally containing impurities after the addition of silicon can improve the permeability, reduce coercivity and iron loss. However, the increase in silicon content will make the material hard and brittle, the thermal conductivity and toughness decline, which is unfavorable to heat dissipation and mechanical processing, so the silicon content of the general silicon steel sheet does not exceed 4.5%.

The silicon steel sheet is divided into cold rolling and hot rolling, and the most used is cold rolling silicon steel sheet. The cold-rolled silicon steel sheet has excellent magnetic properties along the rolling direction, not only has high saturation magnetic flux density and low iron loss in the strong magnetic field, but also has good magnetic properties in the weak magnetic field (large initial permeability). This is because the cold rolling process reduces the content of impurities in the steel sheet, and causes coarse grains in the steel sheet, resulting in an increase in permeability and a decrease in hysteresis loss.
Silicon steel classification:
Hot rolled silicon steel sheet:
Hot-rolled silicon steel sheet is made by melting Fe-Si alloy in open furnace or electric furnace, hot rolling into thin sheet repeatedly, and finally annealing at 800-850℃. Hot-rolled silicon steel sheet is mainly used in the manufacture of generators, so it is also called hot-rolled motor silicon steel sheet,
However, its availability is low, the energy loss is large, and in recent years, the relevant departments have required the elimination of strong cold. Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet: the main use of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet is used for generator manufacturing, so it is also called cold-rolled motor silicon steel. Its silicon content of 0.5%-3.0%, cold rolled to the thickness of the finished product, the supply state is mostly 0.35mm and 0.5mm thick steel strip. The Bs of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel is higher than that of oriented silicon steel. Compared with hot-rolled silicon steel, its thickness is uniform, dimensional accuracy is high, and the surface is smooth and flat, thus improving the filling coefficient and magnetic properties of the material. Cold-rolled oriented silicon steel sheet:
The main use of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel strip is for transformer manufacturing, so it is also called cold-rolled transformer silicon steel. Compared with cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, the magnetic properties of oriented silicon steel are strongly directional. It has superior characteristics of high permeability and low loss in the easily magnetized rolling direction. The iron loss of the oriented steel strip in the rolling direction is only 1/3 of the transverse, the permeability ratio is 6:1, the iron loss is about 1/2 of the hot rolled strip, and the permeability is 2.5 times of the latter.