Description
Technical Parameters
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Product Introduction
IEC 60076 is an international standard series specifying requirements for power transformers, including distribution transformers. A distribution type transformer is a common low-to-medium power device designed to step down or step up voltage in electrical distribution networks, typically connecting high-voltage transmission lines to low-voltage consumer systems (e.g., 11 kV to 400 V).
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Product video
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Models:
S11-M S13-M S20-M S22-M SH15-M (Amorphous Alloy Power Transformer)
Technical Specs:
Voltage Level: 6kV-220kV
Frequency: 50Hz/60Hz
Rated Capacity: 30kVA-2500kVA
No-load Loss: 33W-2340W
Load Loss: 430W-22220W
No-load Current: 2.1%-0.4%
Short Circuit Resistance: 4%-6%
ISO-certified, Customization available, 2-years warranty, 100% QC passed
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Technical specification
| S22-M-30～2500/10Distribution Transformer (Grade 1 Energy Efficiency) | High - voltage (kV):6, 6.3, 10, 10.5 | Low - voltage (kV):0.4 | ||
| Tap:±5%, ±2×2.5% | Connection group designation:Dyn11, Yyn0 | |||
| Rated Capacity (kVA) | No-load Loss (kW) | Load Loss (kW) (at 75℃) | No-load Current (%) | Short-circuit Impedance (%) |
| 30 | 65 | 455/430 | 1.5 | 4 |
| 50 | 80 | 655/625 | 1.3 | 4 |
| 63 | 90 | 785/745 | 1.2 | 4 |
| 80 | 105 | 945/900 | 1.2 | 4 |
| 100 | 120 | 1140/1080 | 1.1 | 4 |
| 125 | 135 | 1360/1295 | 1.1 | 4 |
| 160 | 160 | 1665/1585 | 1 | 4 |
| 200 | 190 | 1970/1870 | 1 | 4 |
| 250 | 230 | 2300/2195 | 0.9 | 4 |
| 315 | 270 | 2760/2630 | 0.9 | 4 |
| 400 | 330 | 3250/3095 | 0.8 | 4 |
| 500 | 385 | 3900/3710 | 0.8 | 4 |
| 630 | 460 | 4460 | 0.6 | 4.5 |
| 800 | 560 | 5400 | 0.6 | 4.5 |
| 1000 | 665 | 7415 | 0.6 | 4.5 |
| 1250 | 780 | 8640 | 0.5 | 4.5 |
| 1600 | 940 | 10440 | 0.5 | 4.5 |
| 2000 | 1085 | 13180 | 0.4 | 5 |
| 2500 | 1280 | 13360 | 0.4 | 5 |
Testing of IEC 60076 Distribution Type Transformers
Testing ensures compliance with IEC 60076 standards for safety, reliability, and performance. Below are key tests for distribution transformers (e.g., 100 kVA units):
1. Routine Tests (Conducted on Every Transformer)
These verify basic functionality and insulation integrity.
Winding Resistance Test
Measures DC resistance of primary/secondary windings to check for loose connections or defects.
Purpose: Ensure uniformity and detect soldering/welding issues.
Voltage Ratio and Phase Displacement Test
Compares the voltage ratio between primary and secondary windings against design specs.
Checks phase relationship (critical for three-phase transformers).
Tool: Digital voltage ratio tester.
Insulation Resistance Test (IR Test)
Applies high DC voltage (e.g., 500V or 1000V) to measure insulation resistance between windings and ground.
Purpose: Identify moisture, contamination, or degradation in insulation (paper, oil, or solid insulation).
Hipot (High-Potential) Test
Applies a high AC/DC voltage (e.g., 2.5x rated voltage) for a short time to test dielectric strength.
Purpose: Ensure insulation can withstand overvoltages without breakdown.
2. Type Tests (Conducted on a Sample Unit)
These validate design compliance and performance under extreme conditions.
Temperature Rise Test
Runs the power distribution transformer at full load until thermal equilibrium is reached.
Measures temperature of windings (via resistance), oil, and core.
Standards: Must stay below IEC-specified limits (e.g., 65K rise for oil-immersed windings).
Impulse Voltage Test (Lightning Surge Test)
Applies high-voltage impulse waves (1.2/50 µs waveform) to simulate lightning or switching surges.
Monitors voltage distribution and insulation response using an oscilloscope.
Purpose: Verify protection against transient overvoltages.
Noise Level Measurement
Measures acoustic noise (in dB) at specified distances (e.g., 1m from the power distribution transformer).
Requirement: Critical for urban installations to meet environmental noise regulations.
Load Loss and Impedance Voltage Test
Measures power loss (I²R losses) in windings at full load and impedance voltage (voltage drop under load).
Calculates: Short-circuit impedance percentage (e.g., 4–6% for IEC 60076 distribution type transformers).
3. Special Tests (Optional, Based on Customer/Application Needs)
Short-Circuit Withstand Test
Subjects the distribution type transformer to sustained short-circuit currents to check mechanical and thermal stability.
Purpose: Ensures it can survive faults without winding deformation or insulation failure.
Partial Discharge (PD) Test
Detects small electrical discharges in insulation (e.g., voids in oil or solid insulation).
Tool: PD detector; limits are specified in IEC 60076-3.
Dielectric Frequency Withstand Test
Applies increased frequency (e.g., 100–200 Hz) at rated voltage to test insulation under prolonged stress.
Use Case: For distribution type transformers used in variable frequency drives (VFDs) or renewable energy systems.
Oil Tests (For Oil-Immersed Transformers)
Breakdown Voltage Test: Measures the oil's dielectric strength (should be ≥30 kV for new oil).
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA): Detects gases (e.g., H₂, CH₄) to identify early faults (thermal or electrical).
4. Three-Phase Transformer Specific Tests
Phase Sequence Test
Verifies the order of phase voltages (A-B-C or A-C-B) for three-phase windings.
Zero Sequence Impedance Test
Measures impedance under unbalanced loads (critical for grounding and fault protection).
Test Standards and Documentation
IEC 60076-1: General requirements for testing.
IEC 60076-2: Temperature rise tests.
IEC 60076-3: Insulation levels and dielectric tests.
IEC 60076-5: Short-circuit testing procedures.
Fields of application
Facory display
FAQ
Q: What is ester oil in transformers?
A: Ester oil in transformers is a biodegradable insulating and cooling fluid, offering higher fire resistance and environmental safety than traditional mineral oil.
Q: What is an oil-filled transformer?
A: An oil-filled transformer is an electrical device that uses insulating oil (like mineral or ester oil) as both a coolant and dielectric medium. The oil helps dissipate heat generated during operation and prevents electrical arcing between components, ensuring safe and efficient power transfer between voltage levels. It is widely used in power grids, industries, and commercial settings for its reliability and thermal performance.
Q: What kind of oil is used in transformers?
A: Transformer oils mainly include three types:
Mineral Oil: Derived from petroleum, it offers good insulation and heat dissipation but is flammable and non-biodegradable.
Synthetic Oil (e.g., Silicone Oil): Chemically produced, it is heat-resistant, non-flammable, and used in high-temperature or fire-sensitive environments.
Ester Oil (Natural/Synthetic): Extracted from plants or chemically synthesized, it has low flammability, biodegradability, and is eco-friendly, suitable for indoor use or ecologically sensitive areas.
For more information on oil-Immersed transformers, please contact us at sales@gneesteels.com.
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